[IT 용어] Relational Database Management System (RDBMS)

1. Introduction

 In modern information systems, data is a critical asset. To systematically store, manage, and utilize data, database systems are used. Among them, RDBMS is the most widely adopted system.

 

2. What is RDBMS?

 RDBMS stores data in tables, consisting of rows and columns. It is based on the relational model proposed by Edgar F. Codd in 1970.

 

* Key Components

- Table: Stores data

- Row: A single data record

- Column: Represents an attribute

- Primary Key: Unique identifier for a row

- Foreign Key: Used to establish relationships between tables

 

3. Core Functions

- DDL (Data Definition Language): CREATE, ALTER, DROP

- DML (Data Manipulation Language): SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE

- DCL (Data Control Language): GRANT, REVOKE

- TCL (Transaction Control Language): COMMIT, ROLLBACK

 

4. Features

- Data independence

- Integrity constraints

- Minimized data redundancy

- SQL support - ACID-compliant transaction handling

 

5. Advantages and Disadvantages

Advantages:

- Easy structured data management

- Powerful query capabilities

- Data integrity and security

- Supports multiple users

 

Disadvantages:

- Limited handling of unstructured data

- Complex schema changes

- Performance degradation with complex relations

- Dependency on vertical scaling

 

6. Popular RDBMS Products

- Oracle DB

- MySQL

- PostgreSQL

- Microsoft SQL Server

- MariaDB

 

7. Use Cases

- Finance systems

- E-commerce

- Government agencies

- Healthcare

- ERP/CRM systems

 

8. Conclusion

 RDBMS is ideal for managing structured data and remains the backbone of critical systems in many industries.

 

9. References

- Codd, E. F. (1970). "A Relational Model of Data for Large Shared Data Banks."

- Official documentation from Oracle, MySQL, PostgreSQL